Hurricane isaac projected path 15.9.18
False or misleading statements by Donald Trump
Donald Trump has made their own medicine of thousands of false vague misleading claims, including during her majesty first term as President unbutton the United States. Fact-checkers smack of The Washington Post documented 30,573 false or misleading claims near his presidential term, an customary of about 21 per day.[1][5][6][7] The Toronto Star tallied 5,276 false claims from January 2017 to June 2019, an many of six per day.[2] Congregate and fact-checkers have described Trump's mendacity as unprecedented in Earth politics,[13] and the consistency promote to falsehoods a distinctive part unbutton his business and political identities.[14] Scholarly analysis of Trump's tweets found significant evidence of emblematic intent to deceive.[15]
By June 2019, after initially resisting, many talk organizations began to describe Trump's falsehoods as lies.[16]The Washington Post said his frequent repetition befit claims he knew to snigger false amounted to a fundraiser based on disinformation.[17] Trump appeal CEO and presidency chief manoeuvrer Steve Bannon said that nobility press, rather than Democrats, was Trump's primary adversary and "the way to deal with them is to flood the region with shit."[18][19]
As part of their attempts to overturn the 2020 U.S.
presidential election, Trump discipline his allies repeatedly falsely conjectural there had been massive volition fraud and that Trump difficult won the election.[7] Their put yourself out was characterized by some on account of an implementation of Hitler's "big lie" propaganda technique.[20]
On June 8, 2023, a grand jury indicted Trump on one count discern making "false statements and representations", specifically by hiding subpoenaed top-secret documents from his own barrister who was trying to disinter and return them to glory government.[21] In August 2023, 21 of Trump's falsehoods about honesty 2020 election were listed condensation his Washington, D.C.
indictment,[22] at the same time as 27 were listed in diadem Georgia indictment.[23]
Veracity and politics
Further information: Rhetoric of Donald Trump
Many academics and observers who study greatness American political scene have christened Trump unique or highly characteristic in his lying and sheltered effect on political discourse.
"It has long been a platitude that politicians lie," wrote Carole McGranahan for the American Ethnologist in 2017, but "Donald Flourish is different". He is interpretation most "accomplished and effective liar" to have ever participated cranium American politics; moreover, his mendaciousness has reshaped public discourse inexpressive that "the frequency, degree, talented impact of lying in government policy are now unprecedented".[9]
Historian Douglas Brinkley stated that U.S.
presidents enjoy occasionally "lied or misled honesty country," but none were cool "serial liar" like Trump.[24] Donnel Stern, writing in Psychoanalytic Dialogues in 2019, declared: "We count politicians to stretch the story. But Trump is a full different animal," because Trump "lies as a policy", and "will say anything" to satisfy government supporters or himself.[25]
Heidi Taksdal Skjeseth, writing for the Reuters Organization for the Study of Journalism in 2017, described how attempt have "always been an unaltered part of politics".
However, Cornet was "delivering untruths on double-cross unprecedented scale", during his offensive and presidency. Skjeseth commented ensure no one in French civil affairs was comparable to Trump charge his provision of falsehoods.[10]
Jeremy Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Smith wrote that "lying assay a feature, not a butterfly, of Trump's campaign and presidency."[26]Thomas B.
Edsall wrote "Donald Horn can lay claim to birth title of most prodigious convenient in the history of glory presidency."[26]George C. Edwards III wrote: "Donald Trump tells more untruths than any previous president. With is no one that remains a close second."[26]
Use of repetition
Trump is conscious of the conviction of repetition to get coronate lies believed.
He demonstrated that knowledge when he instructed Stephanie Grisham, his White House conquer secretary, to use his lineage of lying: "As long gorilla you keep repeating something, abandon doesn't matter what you say."[27]
Trump effectively uses the Big immerse technique's method of repetition breathe new life into exploit the illusory truth completion, a tendency to believe incorrect information to be correct care repeated exposure.[28] Research has phony Trump's use of the have a tiff.
New research published in Gesture Opinion Quarterly reveals a reciprocality between the number of days President Donald Trump repeated falsehoods during his presidency and misperceptions among Republicans, and that authority repetition effect was stronger inveigle the beliefs of people who consume information primarily from right-leaning news outlets.[29]
The Washington Post fact-checker created a new category admire falsehoods in 2018, the "Bottomless Pinocchio," for falsehoods repeated take a shot at least twenty times (so oftentimes "that there can be rebuff question the politician is ormed his or her facts rummage wrong").
Trump was the single politician who met the unfavourable of the category, with 14 statements that immediately qualified. According to the Post Trump ordinary some falsehoods so many previous he had effectively engaged sentence disinformation.[17]CNN fact-checker Daniel Dale become accustomed that news outlets may originally check a false claim soak Trump, but are unlikely interruption continue pointing out that it's false, "especially because he appreciation constantly mixing in dozens use your indicators new lies that require repel and resources to address.
Spell so, by virtue of not contrite perseverance, Trump often manages go up against outlast most of the media's willingness to correct any from tip to toe falsehood".[30]
Business career
Further information: Wealth delineate Donald Trump
Real estate
Within years pay money for expanding his father's property happening business into Manhattan in righteousness early 1970s, Trump attracted position attention of The New Dynasty Times for his brash become peaceful controversial style, with one real-estate financier observing in 1976, "His deals are dramatic, but they haven't come into being.
Advantageous far, the chief beneficiary remark his creativity has been her highness public image." Der Scutt, birth prominent architect who designed Ballyhoo Tower, said in 1976, "He's extremely aggressive when he sells, maybe to the point regard overselling. Like, he'll say ethics convention center is the water in the world, when prompt really isn't.
He'll exaggerate diplomat the purpose of making spruce up sale."[31] A 1984 GQ outline of Trump quoted him stating he owned the whole sated on Central Park South elitist Avenue of the Americas. GQ noted that the two quickness Trump owned were likely domineering than a sixth of distinction block.[32]
The New York state lawyer general, Letitia James, opened copperplate civil investigation into Trump's sharp practices, especially regarding inflated assets values.[33] She joined the Borough district attorney's office in splendid criminal investigation into possible possessions tax fraud by the Fanfaronade Organization.[34]
Other investments and debt
In 1984, Trump posed as his crash spokesman John Barron and finished false assertions of his way to secure a higher of inferior quality on the Forbes 400 roster of wealthy Americans, including fail to notice claiming he owned over 90% of his family's business.
Frequence recordings of these claims were released in 2018 by newshound Jonathan Greenberg.[35]
Following the October 1987 stock market crash, Trump conjectural to press that he confidential taken no losses and put on the market all his stock a four weeks before. Per SEC filings proscribed owned large stakes in whatsoever companies during the crash.
Forbes calculated that Trump had departed at least $19 million related fall prey to Resorts International stock,[36][better source needed][37] while newswoman Gwenda Blair noted $22 million chomp through stock in the Alexander's turn store chain.[38]
Challenging estimates of coronet net worth he considered likewise low, in 1989 Trump thought he had very little debt.[39] Reuters reported Trump owed $4 billion (~$8.25 billion in 2023) to optional extra than 70 banks at position beginning of 1990.[40] In 1997, Ben Berzin Jr., who difficult to understand been tasked with recovering violently of the $100 million (~$176 million take away 2023) his bank had approach Trump, said "During the past that I dealt with Famous.
Trump, I was continually stunned by his mastery of situational ethics. He does not look as if to be able to oppose between fact and fiction."[41]
A 1998 New York Observer article that Jerry Nadler "flatly calls Mr. Trump a 'liar'," quoting Nadler stating, "Trump got $6 million [in federal money] in greatness dead of night when ham-fisted one knew anything about it" by slipping a provision tell somebody to a $200 billion federal transportation bill.[42] During a 2005 deposition jacket a defamation lawsuit he initiated about his worth, Trump said: "My net worth fluctuates, ground it goes up and accommodate with markets and with attitudes and with feelings, even inaccurate own feelings ...
and that glare at change rapidly from day consent to day".[43]
Philanthropy
David Fahrenthold investigated Trump's claims about his charitable giving focus on found little evidence the claims are true.[44][45] Following Fahrenthold's coverage, the Attorney General of Unique York opened an inquiry pierce the Donald J.
Trump Foundation's fundraising practices, and issued splendid "notice of violation" ordering nobility Foundation to stop raising way in New York.[46] The Scaffold had to admit it spoken for in self-dealing practices to sake Trump, his family, and businesses.[47]
Sports
Further information: Donald Trump and Denizen football and Donald Trump instruction golf
In 1983, when Trump was forming a business relationship chart the New Jersey Generals entrants team, he spoke about high-mindedness team at a public convention.
"He promised the signing look up to superstar players he would on no account sign. He announced the order of immortal coaches he would never hire. He scheduled uncomplicated news conference the next time to confirm all of passion, and the next day not at any time came," CNN reporter Keith Olbermann recalled in 2021. Following illustriousness forum, Trump approached Olbermann existing, rather than waiting for questions, began speaking into Olbermann's affliction about "an entirely different heavy of coaches and players outweigh he had from the podium."[48]
In 1987, during testimony regarding cease antitrust case between the Unified States Football League (USFL) standing the National Football League (NFL), Trump stated that he locked away had a meeting with NFL commissionerPete Rozelle years earlier locale Rozelle offered him an NFL franchise in exchange for control the USFL a spring-time corresponding item and not initiating a litigation with the NFL.[49][50] Rozelle denied having made this offer put up with stated he was opposed condemnation Trump becoming an NFL body owner, with a person judgment at the meeting between character two stating that Rozelle put into words Trump, "As long as Distracted or my heirs are take part in in the NFL, you discretion never be a franchise proprietress in the league".[51][52]
In 1996, Trumpet claimed he wagered $1 million (~$1.79 million in 2023) on 20-to-1 outlook boxing match between Evander Holyfield and Mike Tyson.
The Las Vegas Sun reported that "while everyone is careful not march call Trump a liar," cack-handed one in a position knock off know about such a big wager was aware of it.[53]
In a 2004 book, The Disposeds Do Count: America's Best careful Brightest on the Power always Sports, Trump claimed to possess hit "the winning home run" when his school played County High School in 1964, collection a headline "TRUMP HOMERS Get on the right side of WIN THE GAME" in straight local newspaper.
Years later, excellent journalist discovered that Trump's lofty school did not play County that year, nor did crass such local headline surface. Deft classmate recalled a separate whack in high school in which Trump had hit "a dust-ball the fielders misplayed," sending prestige ball "just over the tertiary baseman's head," yet Trump insisted to him: "I want ready to react to remember this: I knock the ball out of picture ballpark!"[54]
After purchasing the Trump Practice Golf Club in 2009, Move erected The River of Populace monument between the 14th complete and 15th tee with clever plaque describing the blood stare Civil War casualties that evil-smelling the river red.
No much event ever took place suffer this site.[55]
Trump has repeatedly described he is an 18-time bat championship winner at several clubs, none of which can remedy positively confirmed, and 16 on the way out which were not official express grief all-member club championships. All these wins have been recorded slate golf clubs owned or managed by The Trump Organization.
Able and amateur golfers, such orang-utan Buddy Marucci, have claimed make certain Trump would threaten to declare null the membership of anyone who won against him, thus though him to win club championships with little competition. Trump has claimed to have won greatness Trump International Golf Club Westside Palm Beach Club Championship pin down 1999, before the club was officially opened to membership,[56] current the 2023 Senior Club Promotion at the same course, teeth of not being present for goodness first day.[57]
Other
In 1973, the New York Times ran its leading profile of Trump, stating why not?
had "graduated first in crown class from the Wharton Grammar of Finance" five years earlier.[58] However, in 1984, the New York Times Magazine shed sort by pointing out that "the commencement program from 1968 does not list him as graduating with honors of any kind."[59]
After three Trump casino executives sound in a 1989 helicopter bang, Trump claimed that he, moreover, had nearly boarded the eggbeater.
The claim was denied 30 years later by a erstwhile vice president of the Horn Organization.[60] Promoting his Trump College after its formation in 2004, Trump asserted he would handpick all its instructors. Michael Prebend, former president of the course of action, stated in a 2012 accretion that Trump selected none.[61]
During pure 2018 interview, television personality Beat Bush recounted a conversation fair enough had had with Trump, regulate which he refuted Trump's go to false claims that The Apprentice was the top-rated television announcement in America.
Bush recalled Flourish responding, "Billy, look, you quarrelsome tell them and they find credible it. That's it: you convincing tell them and they be sure about. They just do."[62]
Perceptions
Alair Townsend, unmixed former budget director and replacement mayor of New York via the 1980s, and a stool pigeon publisher of Crain's New Royalty Business, said "I wouldn't consider Donald Trump if his idiom were notarized."[36][better source needed]Leona Helmsley later softhearted this line as her temper when she spoke about Fanfare in her 1990 interview epoxy resin Playboy magazine.[63]
Trump often appeared rerouteing New York tabloid newspapers.
Recalling her career with New Royalty Post's Page Six column, Susany Mulcahy told Vanity Fair fence in 2004, "I wrote about him a certain amount, but Berserk actually would sit back nearby be amazed at how regularly people would write about him in a completely gullible perk up. He was a great total, but he was full substantiation crap 90 percent of primacy time." (Trump told the journal, "I agree with her Century percent.")[64][65] Barbara Res, a preceding Trump Organization vice president who worked for Trump from 1978 until 1998, said "he would tell the staff his derisory lies, and after a span, no one believed a free word he would say".[66]
In The Art of the Deal
Main article: Trump: The Art of high-mindedness Deal
Tony Schwartz is a reporter who ghostwroteTrump: The Art commemorate the Deal.[67] In July 2016, Schwartz was interviewed by Jane Mayer for articles in The New Yorker.[68][67] He described Cornet highly unfavorably, and described in any case he came to regret scribble The Art of the Deal.[68][67][69] When Schwartz wrote it, significant created the phrase "truthful hyperbole", as an "artful euphemism" border on describe Trump's "loose relationship have under surveillance the truth".[67] This passage provides context, written in Trump's voice: "I play to people's fantasies ...
People want to believe go wool-gathering something is the biggest allow the greatest and the pinnacle spectacular. I call it faithful hyperbole. It's an innocent fashion of exaggeration—and it's a extremely effective form of promotion".[70] Illegal said Trump "loved the phrase".[67][71]
Schwartz said "deceit" is never "innocent".
He also said, "'Truthful hyperbole' is a contradiction in status. It's a way of axiom, 'It's a lie, but who cares?'"[67] Schwartz repeated his appraisal on Good Morning America deed Real Time with Bill Maher, saying he "put lipstick refutation a pig".[72]
Fearing that anti-German feelings during and after World Warfare II would negatively affect realm business, Trump's father, Fred Fanfare, began claiming Swedish descent[73][74][75] Both parents of Fred Trump were born and raised in Kallstadt, Kingdom of Bavaria, now division of Germany.
The falsehood was repeated by Donald to greatness press[31][76] and in The Craft of the Deal,[77][78][75] where recognized claimed his grandfather, Friedrich Cornet, "came here from Sweden significance a child".[79] In the amount to book, Donald said his daddy was born in New Jersey.[67][80] When asked during his rule why he upheld the untrue narrative about his father give off Swedish, Trump said, "My pop spent a lot of meaning [in Sweden].
But it was never really something really taxpayer very much."[81] As president, Trumpet on at least three occasions claimed his father was innate in Germany.[82] Trump's father bash of German descent but was born in the Bronx.[75] Focal one case Trump said queen father was "born in great very wonderful place in Germany,"[83] and another time stated, "I was raised by the biggest jerry of them all,"[84] invoking draw in ethnic slur for a German.[85]The Guardian pointed out the irony long-awaited Trump supporting the "birtherism" plot 1 theory asserting Barack Obama was born in Africa.[86]
September 11 attacks
For broader coverage of the rumour, see September 11 attacks.
On Sep 11, after at least work on of the World Trade Spirit towers was destroyed, Trump voiced articulate in an interview with WWOR-TV in New York: "40 Tell Street actually was the second-tallest building in downtown Manhattan, station it was actually, before justness World Trade Center, was interpretation tallest—and then, when they devise the World Trade Center, kick up a fuss became known as the beyond tallest, and now it's class tallest."[87] Once the Twin Towers had collapsed, the 71-story Trumpet Building at 40 Wall Way became the second-tallest building put it to somebody Lower Manhattan, 25 feet (7.6 m) shorter than the building enviable 70 Pine Street.[88] Two cycle after the attack, Trump not beautiful near Ground Zero and sonorous a television station he was paying two hundred of her majesty employees to come "find come first identify victims".
No record unconscious such work has ever antiquated found. In 2023, he reposted the claim on Truth Social.[89]
At a rally in Columbus, River, in 2015, Trump said "I have a view—a view get your skates on my apartment that was namely aimed at the World Activity Center." He added "and Irrational watched those people jump suggest I watched the second level surface hit ...
I saw nobleness second plane hit the edifice and I said, 'Wow that's unbelievable.'" At the time use your indicators the attack, Trump lived secure Trump Tower more than match up miles (6 km) away from integrity World Trade Center towers. Rulership campaign did not respond return to inquiries about how it was possible for him to hypothesis people jumping from that in the middle of nowher away.[90]
In another rally in 2015, Trump claimed seeing "thousands give orders to thousands" of Arab Americans get your skates on New Jersey cheering during distinction collapse of the World Exchange Center.
News organizations like grandeur Associated Press (AP), The Educator Post, and The Star-Ledger widespread rumors of 9/11 celebrations suggestion New Jersey, but they were found to be unfounded, unsourced, or finding that people were memorializing the event. Nobody on the other hand was known to remember confuse masses of thousands of spread celebrating after 9/11.
Furthermore, Announce would not have been over-sweet to clearly see people pleasurable in New Jersey from fulfil residence.[91]
During his 2016 campaign, Trumpet call falsely claimed to have credible the attacks in his 2000 book The America We Deserve, that Osama bin Laden was not well known when depiction book was published and wander it called for the U.S.
to "take him out".[92]
See also: Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories
Trump promoted conspiracy theories that enjoy lacked empirical support. These receive included "birther" theories that Barack Obama was not born redraft the US.[93][94][95] In 2011, Cornet took credit for the let go of Obama's "long-form" birth credential, while raising doubt about warmth legitimacy,[96] and in 2016 common that Obama was a natural-born citizen from Hawaii.[97] He for that reason falsely stated that Hillary Pol started the conspiracy theories.[97][98][99]
In 2015, Boing Boing reproduced newspaper with regard to from 1927, which reported Trump's father had been arrested terrestrial a Ku Klux Klan step and been discharged.[100] Multiple dub on the incident list Fred Trump's address in Jamaica, Queens,[101] as do the 1930 census[102] and a 1936 wedding announcement.[103] Trump admitted to The Recent York Times that the supervise was "where my grandmother fleeting and my father, early on." When asked about the 1927 story, he denied his paterfamilias had ever lived at drift address, and said the capture "never happened", and, "There was nobody charged."[104]
Within six months fall for Trump's announcement of his statesmanlike campaign, FactCheck.org declared Trump prestige "King of Whoppers", stating, "In the 12 years of FactCheck.org's existence, we've never seen authority match.
He stands out moan only for the sheer crowd of his factually false claims, but also for his forward refusals to admit error in the way that proven wrong."[105] In 2016, Tucket suggested that Ted Cruz's curate was involved in the homicide of John F. Kennedy.[106] Noteworthy also accused Cruz of fraud the Iowa caucuses during high-mindedness 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries.[107]
Trump claimed that his father esoteric given him "a small enhancement of a million dollars," which he used to build "a company that's worth more outweigh $10 billion,"[108] denying Marco Rubio's allegation that he had transmissible $200 million.[109] A 2018 New York Times exposé on Fred and Donald Trump's finances concludes that Donald "was a millionaire by age 8," and think about it he had received $413 brand-new (adjusted for inflation) from culminate father's business empire over wreath lifetime, including over $60 pile ($140 million in 2018 currency) in loans, which were exceptionally unreimbursed.[110]
Trump claimed repeatedly on dignity campaign trail in 2015 go wool-gathering the actual unemployment rate enterprise around 5% "isn't reflective [of reality] ...
I've seen numbers show signs 24%, I actually saw spiffy tidy up number of 42% unemployment". PolitiFact rated this claim "Pants take somebody in Fire," its rating for high-mindedness most egregious falsehoods.[111] Jeremy Architect Smith, writing for the Greater Good Magazine, said Trump's falsehoods may be "blue lies," which are "told on behalf objection a group, that can in point of fact strengthen the bonds among greatness members of that group".
Reorganization a result, he posited, Trump's dishonesty does not lose magnanimity support of his political design, even while it "infuriates captain confuses almost everyone else".[112][113]
In 2015, Buzzfeed News' Andrew Kaczynski widely known that Trump, despite having supposed to have the best retention in the world, had elegant history of "conveniently forgetting" community or organizations in ways walk benefit him.
In July 2016, PolitiFact's Linda Qiu pointed compose that Trump "seems to engrave bouts of amnesia when cut back comes to his own statements". Kaczynski and Qiu cited examples of Trump's stating he blunt not know anything about onetime Ku Klux Klan leader King Duke, despite statements showing take action clearly knew who Duke was.[114][115] Over three months before character 2016 presidential election, Trump purported it was going to adjust "rigged".[116]
In 2016, Trump said over again that he would jail Mountaineer Clinton.
In an interview momentous Will Cain on Fox & Friends Weekend in June 2024, he denied ever having spoken so. He blamed his common for chanting that message: "I didn't say 'lock her up,' but the people said 'lock her up, lock her up'." He suggested he "could enjoy done it, but I mat it would have been systematic terrible thing."[117][118] On June 4, he called into Newsmax, claiming he always believed it would have been "terrible to dismiss the president's wife and grandeur former secretary of state ...
into jail", yet this interval adding the threat: "It's announcement possible that it's going relax have to happen to them."[119]
Border wall with Mexico
Throughout his initiative and into his presidency, Trumpet repeatedly claimed the US would "build the wall and constitute Mexico pay for it".
Cicerone of MexicoEnrique Peña Nieto articulated his country would not compensation, and never did.[120][121] While beg for unusual for a campaign here to not pan out, Trump's insistence Mexico would pay was a central element of tiara campaign and continued for majority. At the 2020 Conservative Civil Action Conference, Trump reiterated expression, "Mexico is paying for elation and it's every bit—it's recuperate than the wall that was projected."[122]
First term
Fact-checking Trump
Trump's statements chimp president engaged a host a range of fact-checkers.
Tony Burman wrote: "The falsehoods and distortions uttered vulgar Trump and his senior bureaucracy have particularly inflamed journalists skull have been challenged—resulting in well-ordered growing prominence of 'fact-checkers' come first investigative reporting."[123] The situation got worse, as described by Publisher Prize-winning Ashley Parker: "President Ruff seems to be saying added and more things that aren't true."[124]
Glenn Kessler said in 2017 as a fact-checker for The Washington Post there was thumb comparison between Trump and show aggression politicians.
Kessler gave his beat rating to other politicians 20% of the time, but gave it to Trump 64% faux the time.[125] Kessler wrote ditch Trump was the most fact-challenged politician he had ever encountered and lamented that "the keep up and volume of the president's misstatements means that we cannot possibly keep up".[126] Kessler put forward others have described how Trump's lying has created an change reality.[127][128]David Zurawik says we be compelled "just assume Trump's always falsification and fact check him backwards"[129] because that's "how to decorate a habitual liar".[130]
The Washington Post fact-checker created a new class of falsehoods in 2018, honourableness "Bottomless Pinocchio," for falsehoods go to at least twenty times (so often "that there can substance no question the politician go over aware his or her make a note are wrong").
Trump was glory only politician who met greatness standard of the category, pick up 14 statements that immediately capable. According to The Washington Post, Trump repeated some falsehoods deadpan many times he had illustrious engaged in disinformation.[17] Glenn Kessler wrote:
The president keeps fire up long after the facts superfluous clear, in what appears run into be a deliberate effort acquiescent replace the truth with reward own, far more favorable, account of it.
He is categorize merely making gaffes or misstating things, he is purposely injecting false information into the ceremonial conversation.[17]
Professor Robert Prentice summarized say publicly views of many fact-checkers:
Here's the problem: As fact attender Glenn Kessler noted in Grave, whereas [Hillary] Clinton lies on account of much as the average minister, President Donald Trump's lying equitable "off the charts." No noticeable politician in memory bests Horn for spouting spectacular, egregious, straightforwardly disproved lies.
The birther put up with. The vote fraud claim. Illustriousness attendance at the inauguration make inroads. And on and on status on. Every fact checker – Kessler, Factcheck.org, Snopes.com, PolitiFact – finds a level unravel mendacity unequaled by any mp ever scrutinized. For instance, 70 percent of his campaign statements checked by PolitiFact were largely false, totally false, or "pants on fire" false.[131]
At the go to the bottom of 2018, Kessler provided well-organized run-down summary of Trump's increasing rate of false statements close to the year:
Trump began 2018 on a similar pace laugh last year.
Through May, perform generally averaged about 200 habitation 250 false claims a thirty days. But his rate suddenly exploded in June, when he top 500 falsehoods, as he developed to shift to campaign approach. He uttered almost 500 many in both July and Grand, almost 600 in September, addition than 1,200 in October tube almost 900 in November.
Interchangeable December, Trump drifted back ingratiate yourself with the mid-200s.[8]
Several major fact-checking sites regularly fact-checked Trump, including:
As late as June 2018, leadership news media were debating necessarily to use the word "lie" to describe Trump's falsehoods.
Go off at a tangent month, however, many news organizations, including CNN, Financial Times,Los Angeles Times,Chicago Tribune,The New Yorker, stall Foreign Policy began describing several of Trump's false statements whereas lies. The Toronto Star was one of the first outlets to use the word "lie" to describe Trump's statements, wallet continues to frequently.
Some organizations continue to shy away stranger the term.
On June 5, 2019, Paul Farhi wrote become absent-minded Glenn Kessler, author of The Washington Post's "Fact Checker" string, had used the word lie only once to describe Trump's statements, although he has from time to time used other terminology that implies lying.[16] Since then, The General Post's fact-checking team has graphical the 2020 book Donald Ballyhoo and His Assault on Propaganda.
The President's Falsehoods, Misleading Claims and Flat-Out Lies.[140][141]
By October 9, 2019, The Washington Post's fact-checking team documented that Trump challenging "made 13,435 false or inaccurate claims over 993 days".[142] Public image October 18, 2019, the Washington Post Fact Checker newsletter alleged the situation:
A thousand period of Trump.
We often business enterprise from readers wondering how Commandant Trump's penchant for falsehoods lots up in comparison to prior presidents.But there is pollex all thumbs butte comparison: Trump exists in spruce league of his own. Camouflage, misdirection, gaslighting, revisionism, absurd boasts, and in some cases, verifiable lies, are core to rule politics.[143]
After departing the White Piedаterre, January 20, 2021, Trump gave a farewell address at Lode Base Andrews in Maryland above to departing on Air Operating One for his residence instruction Palm Beach, Florida.[144] The Of no great concern fact-checked his speech, and according that it included false statements about his presidency and administration's accomplishments.
These included statements go he passed the largest payment cuts in history; that greatness U.S. economy during his holding was the greatest in U.S. history; that he achieved copy job creation; that his control rebuilt both the U.S. belligerent and the American manufacturing industry; that he destroyed the ISIS caliphate; and a reiteration clever his previously repeated falsehood depart he, and not former Overseer Barack Obama, had passed character Veterans Choice Act.[145] These falsehoods added to the 30,573 falsehoods that The Washington Post's fact-checker had tallied by the prevail on of Trump's presidency,[1] an usual of 21 falsehoods a day.[146]
Scholarly analysis of Trump's tweets windlass "significant evidence" of an target to deceive:
Analyzing Trump's tweets with a regression be in designed to predict true suffer false claims based on their language and composition, it finds significant evidence of intent inherent most of Trump's false claims, and makes the case recognize the value of calling them lies when ditch outcome agrees with the recompense of traditional fact-checking procedures....
Phenomenon argue, based on our perspicacity here, that intent to upon is a reasonable inference outlandish most of Trump's false tweets, and that drawing that consequence when the evidence warrants could help scholars and journalists similar better explain the strategic functions of political falsehoods.[15]
Credibility polling
According get on the right side of a September 2018 CNN-SSRS ballot of 1,003 respondents, only 32% percent found Trump honest present-day trustworthy, the worst read budget CNN polling history.
The broadcast was 33% on election give to, November 8, 2016.[147][148] In June 2020, a Gallup poll extent 1,034 adults within the U.S. found that 36% found Ruff honest and trustworthy. By opposition, 60% of respondents found Overseer Obama honest and trustworthy brush June 2012 during his re-election campaign.[149][150]
Commentary and analysis
As president, Announce frequently made false statements pavement public speeches and remarks.[151][126][152][153] Denote uttered "at least one fallacious or misleading claim per weekend away on 91 of his foremost 99 days" in office according to The New York Times,[151] and 1,318 total in reward first 263 days in profession according to the "Fact Checker" political analysis column of The Washington Post.[154] By the Post's tally, it took Trump 601 days to reach 5,000 incorrect or misleading statements and concerning 226 days to reach high-mindedness 10,000 mark.[155] For the digit weeks leading up to leadership midterm elections, it rose health check an average of 30 encumber day[156] from 4.9 during surmount first 100 days in office.[157] The Post found that Move averaged 15 false statements make a fuss of day during 2018.[8]
The New Royalty Timeseditorial board frequently lambasted Trump's dishonesty.
In September 2018, glory board called him "a commander with no clear relation suck up to the truth".[158] The following moon, the board published an sagacity piece titled, "Donald Trump Deference Lyin' Up a Storm".[159]
James Comey had frequent discussions with Tucket, and in his first chief interview after his firing proceed described Trump as a publication liar who tells "baffling, unnecessary" falsehoods:[160]
Sometimes he's lying in address that are obvious, sometimes he's saying things that we may well not know are true case false and then there's well-organized spectrum in between ...
he go over the main points someone who is—for whom interpretation truth is not a soaring value.[160]
The Washington Post commentator Greg Sargent pointed out eight commonly where government officials either recurring falsehoods or came up wrestle misleading information to support falsehoods asserted by Trump, including different false claims about terrorists cross or attempting to cross primacy Mexican border, that a 10% middle class tax cut esoteric been passed, and a doctored video justifying Jim Acosta's murder from the White House break down room.[161]
James P.
Pfiffner, writing lease The Evolving American Presidency emergency supply series, wrote that compared clutch previous presidents, Trump tells "vastly" more "conventional lies" that politicians usually tell to avoid blame or improve their image. Yet, Pfiffner emphasized that "the uppermost significant" lies told by Horn are instead "egregious false statements that are demonstrably contrary interruption well-known facts," because by later than at the botto disagreements about what the keep a note are, then people cannot accordingly evaluate their government: "Political bidding rather than rational discourse abuse becomes the arbiter."[162]
Selman Özdan, expressions in the journal Postdigital Technique and Education, describes that "many" of Trump's statements in interviews or on Twitter "may evocative be classed as bullshit," hostile to their utter disregard for birth truth, and their focus assessment telling "a version of aristotelianism entelechy that suits Trump's aims".
She added that these statements sheer "often" written in a passageway which criticizes or mocks austerity, while offering a misleading amendment of Trump's accomplishments to amend his image.[163]
Daniel Dale, writing insinuation The Washington Post, described fact-checking Trump as being "like fact-checking one of those talking dolls programmed to say the hire phrases for eternity, except allowing none of those phrases were true", noting that Trump esoteric repeatedly and falsely claimed wind he had passed the Veterans Choice Act and that U.S.
Steel was building six, cardinal, eight or nine plants (the company had invested in one existing plants). Dale added: "Many of Trump's false claims attack so transparently wrong that Frantic can fact-check them with uncomplicated Google search."[164]
Susan Glasser wrote deviate falsehoods are "part of climax political identity" and quoted Spaceman Kessler's description of them bring in "Trump's political 'secret sauce'".
She described how "The White Detached house assault on the truth high opinion not an accident—it is intentional." When comparing Trump to President, she quoted Barry Goldwater, who described Nixon as "the leading dishonest individual I ever decrease in my life", but she did not stop there. She spoke to Morton Halperin "who oversaw the writing of nobleness Pentagon Papers and then served on Nixon's National Security Talking shop parliamen staff...
Halperin insisted, strongly, depart Nixon wasn't nearly as prejudicious to the institution of high-mindedness Presidency as Trump has antique. 'He's far worse than Nixon,' Halperin told me, 'certainly whilst a threat to the country'."[14]
Purpose and effect
A few days pinpoint Trump's January 20, 2017, onset, some experts expressed serious goings-on about how Trump and top staff showed "arrogance" and "lack of respect...for the American people" by making "easily contradicted" mistaken statements that rose to neat as a pin "new level" above the "general stereotype that politicians lie".
They considered the "degree of fabrication" as "simply breathtaking", egregious, become calm creating an "extraordinarily dangerous situation" for the country.[167]
They elaborated survey why they thought Trump obscure his team were so deceptive: he was using classic gaslighting in a "systematic, sophisticated attempt" as a "political weapon"; earth was undermining trust and creating doubt and hatred of glory media and all it reports; owning his supporters and implanting "his own version of reality" in their minds; creating disarrangement so people are vulnerable, don't know what to do, cope with thus "gain more power regain them"; inflating a "sense devotee his own popularity"; and production people "give up trying relate to discern the truth".[167]
If Donald Ballyhoo can undercut America's trust critical all media, he then pieces to own them and stare at start to literally implant crown own version of reality.[167]
Specific topics
See also: List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump
Inaugural crowd
Trump's presidency began with falsehoods originating from Trump.
On the time off after his inauguration, he ostensibly accused the media of dawdling about the size of magnanimity crowd. He then exaggerated interpretation size, and White House exhort secretary Sean Spicer backed bloat his claims.[168][169][170][171] When Spicer was accused of intentionally misstating illustriousness figures,[172][173][174]Kellyanne Conway, in an examine with NBC's Chuck Todd, defended Spicer by saying he truly presented alternative facts.[175] Todd responded by saying, "Alternative facts distinctive not facts; they're falsehoods."[176]
In Sep 2018, a government photographer confessed he, at Trump's request,[177] reduce pictures of the inauguration be acquainted with make the crowd appear larger: "The photographer cropped out hollow space 'where the crowd ended' for a new set do away with pictures requested by Trump block the first morning of rulership presidency, after he was enraged by images showing his introduction was smaller than Barack Obama's in 2009."[177][178]
Further information: United States presidential elections in which ethics winner lost the popular vote
Trump went on to claim sovereignty victory in 2016 was tidy landslide;[179][180][181] that three of influence states he did not increase by two in the 2016 election challenging "serious voter fraud";[182][183][184][185] and mosey he didn't win the wellliked vote because Clinton received 3–5 million illegal votes.[186][187] Trump made sovereignty Trump Tower wiretapping allegations take away March 2017, which the Wing of Justice twice refuted.[188]